The simplest and safest way to install software in Ubuntu is to use the apt-get. But for it to work you need to know two things - you need to know what do you want to install, and you need this piece of software to be available in your repositories list.
Unfortunately, not all software that you may need is available in the default repositories. Usually this means that you need to go and look for a repository - most of the time it is enough just to google the program name, but there is a easier way. You can download a custom repositories list, and then to use it instead of your default one.
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There are two problems with this method, however. First of all installing packages from not official repositories may break your system. This is especially true when your are upgrading to a new release. The second problem is that some of the repositories use GPG keys. In order to use them you will need to find the keys on your own. This is easy to do, most of the time a search for the repostory name will aso find the correct command for getting the key. Also, I include most of the keys in the file, so you will only need to download them. But this is very time consuming.If this doesn't scare you away - click to download a large Hardy repositories list.
Update: Some of the repositories in the original list are outdated. Click here to download an updated version of the list. It is smaller, but all the repositories in it are working
Update 2: An even newer list, get it here.
To install it run these commands in terminal:
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.backup
sudo cp $HOME/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list
sudo aptitude update
sudo aptitude upgrade
After this, check the errors that the apt-get update commend will return, and add the keys for the repositories. In order to do this you will need to find the key to the repositories (it is listed in the sources file) and then run the following commands (replace KEY with the key listed in the list):
sudo gpg --keyserver subkeys.pgp.net --recv KEY
sudo gpg --export --armor KEY | sudo apt-key add
It will take a lot of time, but after this you will have a lot of extra repositories available. If at some point you will no longer need the extra repositories, or will want to remove them temporaly from the source file you can just run the following command:
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list.backup /etc/apt/sources.list
If you know a repository not mentioned in the list you are welcomed to share it in the comments...
10 comments:
Seems many of these repositories are outdated; Synaptic continually gets errors that it cannot find the server.
Hello Anonymous,
Originally this was a list for gutsy - some of the repositories in it were not updated when hardy was released, so they show up as not found. I didn't want to remove them without waiting a bit to see if they will be updated. I will soon post another list without the outdated repositories.
# Geole's Ubuntu Repository
## GPG key-file: http://www.geole.info/fileadmin/data/misc/geole.info-apt-key.gpg
deb http://debian.geole.info/ etch main contrib non-free
deb-src http://debian.geole.info/ etch main contrib non-free
deb http://debian.geole.info/ etch-backports main contrib non-free
deb-src http://debian.geole.info/ etch-backports main contrib non-free
i can't get this one to work :s, can i get a little help, i tried it as a URL and as a FILE but it still does'nt work :s
Hello Yannick,
Geole team updated their repository. The gpg key in my list is no longer available - thanks for finding this. For it to work now, you need to install the package geole-keyring. Simply type:
sudo aptitude install geole-keyring
If this doesn't work contact me.
i have downloaded the file and do as you said but no repositories have worked. what should i do
Anonymous, you should install the GPG keys. The instruction are in the end of the post. If you already did this, than include the errors you get from synaptic or update manager in your next comment.
The following line required a dash at the end to function properly on my install of Ubuntu 8.04 AMD64.
sudo gpg --export --armor KEY | sudo apt-key add -
Here you can find my repository list that I update everyday and I delete all repository that aren't reachable and I add new repository: http://www.ingalex.helloweb.eu//index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=20&Itemid=1
Here you find a texual and a video help.
I added the latest list from here and installed all the keys, but geole-keyring cannot be found and installed with aptitude. What to do? Is geole outdated?
Hello Gustav,
I tried searching for geole, and it looks like it is no longer available. It is probably best to just remove it from the list.
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